There are a wide range of caspases which are involved in apoptosis processes. Apoptosis vs necrosis apoptosis chromatin condensation cell shrinkage preservation of organelles and cell membranes rapid engulfment by neighboring cells preventing inflammation necrosis nuclear swelling cell swelling disruption of organelles rupture of cell and release of cellular contents inflammatory. Cellular pathways and complexes controlling caspase activation. This proteolytic cascade, in which one caspase can activate other caspases, amplifies the apoptotic signaling pathway and thus leads to rapid cell death. Activation of caspases during apoptosis results in the cleavage of critical cellular substrates, including polyadpribose polymerase and.
This video will describe the initiator and effector caspases and the role they play during apoptosis. Synthesized in the cell as precursors named procaspase. Caspases caspases or cysteineaspartic proteases or cysteinedependent aspartatedirected proteases are a family of cysteine proteases that play essential roles in apoptosis programmed cell death, necrosis, and inflammation. View p53 apoptosis ppts online, safely and virusfree. Inflammatory caspases do not function in apoptosis but are rather involved in inflammatory cytokine signaling and other types of cell death such as pyroptosis. The term apoptosis was coined by kerr, wyllie and currie in 1972 to describe a mode of cell death associated with fragmentation of genomic dna kerr et al. Emerging roles of caspase3 in apoptosis cell death. Ppt apoptosis powerpoint presentation free to download. This 3d medical animation explains the functioning of the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Among them, caspase3 is a frequently activated death protease, catalyzing the specific cleavage of many key cellular proteins. Among them, caspase3 is a frequently activated death protease, catalyzing the. Caspase role in apoptosis cut off contact with surrounding cells reorganize cytoskeleton shut don dna replication and repair interrupt.
Caspases are essential in cells for apoptosis, or programmed cell death. Deathinducing signaling complex and the death receptor pathway. Activation of caspase proteases initiates the death. Programmed cell death and its clinical implications. Caspases have the characteristics of high specificity for substrates containing asp, and use a cys for catalyzing peptide bond cleavage.
Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Two major apoptotic pathways have been described, the intrinsic pathway involving initial mitochondrial perturbation resulting from cellular stress. The extrinsic apoptosis pathway is activated through the binding of a. At least 14 different members of caspases in mammalian cells have. Caspase stands for c ysteine asp artate specific prote ase. Caspases family of proteins main executors of the apoptotic. Both caspase 9 and caspase 8 activate effector caspases. Mount sinai school of medicine department of pharmacology and biological chemistry cell signaling systems course spring 2005 a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. In my own, presentation on apoptosis is descride in breif over view. Recent studies have suggested that the process of caspase activation differs for initiator caspases, which transduce various signals into protease activity, and. Apoptosis is a biological mechanism which is one type of programmed cell death. Ordering of caspases in cells undergoing apoptosis by the intrinsic. Contains an nterminal domain, a small subunit and a large subunit similar to a ribosome.
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